wab bedside aphasia score interpretation
Shewan and Kertesz (1980) examined convergent validityA type of validity that is determined by hypothesizing and examining the overlap between two or more tests that presumably measure the same construct. High scores on the Western Aphasia Battery correlate with good functional communication skills (as measured with the Communicative Effectiveness Index) in aphasic stroke patients. There were adequate to excellent correlations between the CETI and WAB reading (r=0.70), writing (r=0.69), apraxia (r=0.60), calculation (r=0.64), block design (r=0.34), drawing (r=0.41) and Raven Coloured Matrices (r=0.41) tasks. See also Specificity. and specificitySpecificity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will indicate a negative test result when the condition is absent (true negative).. Kim and Na (2004) examined sensitivitySensitivity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will detect a particular disease or condition when it does indeed exist in a patient (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). Intra-rater: The language quotient (LQ): A new measure for the Western Aphasia Battery. Internal consistencyA method of measuring reliability . Kim, H., & Na, D.L. Activity limitations are difficulties in performance of activities. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. Kim and Na (2004) examined inter-rater reliabilityA method of measuring reliability . In using test-retest reliability, the investigator needs to take into account the possibility of practice effects, which can artificially inflate the estimate of reliability (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) Quotient: r=1.000; Language Quotient: r=0.997; Cortical Quotient: r=1.000; Spontaneous Speech Fluency: r=0.994; Spontaneous Speech Content: r=0.993; Auditory Comprehension: r=1.000; Repetition: r=0.999; Naming: r=0.999; Reading: r=0.999; Writing: r=0.999; Praxis: r=1.000; Construction: r=0.998). Detailed administration guidelines are provided in the test manual. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) secondary to strokeAlso called a brain attack and happens when brain cells die because of inadequate blood flow. Shewan, C.M. There was also an excellent correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. Pedersen, P.M., Vinter, K., & Skyhoj Olsen, T. (2001). Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) formed one of three groups: non-brain injured adults (n=31), individuals with non-dominant-hemisphere lesions (n=70) or individuals with diffuse brain lesions (n=21). Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. Maximum score is 10. WebScore as follows: 4 = follows verbal command; 3 = imitates action; 1 = equivocal attempt to follow verbal command or imitate action; 0 = response shows no sign of understanding the command, or no response. Pearsons r is a measure of association which varies from -1 to +1, with 0 indicating no relationship (random pairing of values) and 1 indicating perfect relationship coefficients. The Western AphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. There are a wide variety of methods for measuring correlation including: intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and the Spearman rank-order correlation. Pederson, Vinter and Skyhoj Olsen (2001) examined convergent validityA type of validity that is determined by hypothesizing and examining the overlap between two or more tests that presumably measure the same construct. See also gold standard. of the K-WAB and reported adequate to excellent correlations with the Korean version of the Boston Naming Test. 20% of cases are a hemorrhage in the brain caused by a rupture or leakage from a blood vessel. Adaptable to various administration settings from hospital room to clinic, it provides a baseline level of performance to measure change over time. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. 20% of cases are a hemorrhage in the brain caused by a rupture or leakage from a blood vessel. The observed language behaviours facilitate diagnosis by classifying the patient as having 1 of 8 types of aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. Written word stimulus-object choice matching: Objects are placed in a random order in front of the client. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. of the K-WAB in a sample of 20 neurologically stable aphasic patients, using Pearsons correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. Before administering the supplemental section of the WAB-R, the examiner must see the clients performance on the previous Reading and Writing tasks. In using test-retest reliability, the investigator needs to take into account the possibility of practice effects, which can artificially inflate the estimate of reliability (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). 80% of cases are also know as a schemic stroke, or the formation of a blood clot in a vessel supplying blood to the brain., using Pearsons correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. As sentences become less lengthy and complex, more slow, and with paraphasias, less points are given. In using test-retest reliability, the investigator needs to take into account the possibility of practice effects, which can artificially inflate the estimate of reliability (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). (2004). The following results were found for the AQ: The following results were found for the LQ: The following results were found for the CQ: For patients 75 years and older with over 7 years of education the optimal cutoff score of 75.86 produced 100% diagnostic accuracy, sensitivitySensitivity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will detect a particular disease or condition when it does indeed exist in a patient (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). 80% of cases are also know as a schemic stroke, or the formation of a blood clot in a vessel supplying blood to the brain., using Spearmans rho coefficients. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. This method of evaluating reliability is appropriate only if the phenomenon that the scale measures is known to be stable over the interval between assessments. Published in English (Risser & Spreen, 1984). It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. In using test-retest reliability, the investigator needs to take into account the possibility of practice effects, which can artificially inflate the estimate of reliability (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). The client must arrange 4 blocks to match the picture shown to them from the Stimulus book. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada), using Pearson product-limit correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. If the phenomenon being measured fluctuates substantially over time, then the test-retest paradigm may significantly underestimate reliability. For some attributes, no gold standard exists. Example: A depression scale may lack content validity if it only assesses the affective dimension of depression but fails to take into account the behavioral dimension. Internal consistency reflects the extent to which items of a test measure various aspects of the same characteristic and nothing else. The client is shown a card with a sentence written on it. One study reported excellent test-retest reliabilityA way of estimating the reliability of a scale in which individuals are administered the same scale on two different occasions and then the two scores are assessed for consistency. There was an excellent correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. A correlation can be positive (as one variable increases, the other also increases for example height and weight typically represent a positive correlation) or negative (as one variable increases, the other decreases for example as the cost of gasoline goes higher, the number of miles driven decreases. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. If the answer is ambiguous, 0 points are given. 80% of cases are also know as a schemic stroke, or the formation of a blood clot in a vessel supplying blood to the brain., using Spearmans rho correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. 20% of cases are a hemorrhage in the brain caused by a rupture or leakage from a blood vessel. For some attributes, no gold standard exists. Since the non-language portion is included in this summary score, it is not a sound indicator of language ability and its severity in aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. This method of evaluating reliability is appropriate only if the phenomenon that the scale measures is known to be stable over the interval between assessments. There are 2 scoring sections for Spontaneous speech: The client describes a picture in the stimulus book. Reasonable alternatives are accepted. The examiner also marks whether the response was. as it measures language content areas common to all aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. The WAB-R was normed on just twenty individuals: 6 neurologically healthy and 14 with aphasia (Kertesz, 2006, pg. Known groups: Kertesz, A. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) secondary to chronic strokeAlso called a brain attack and happens when brain cells die because of inadequate blood flow. See also Specificity. and 100% specificitySpecificity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will indicate a negative test result when the condition is absent (true negative).. A corresponding WAB Cognitive Quotient cutoff score of 95.32 resulted in 80% sensitivitySensitivity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will detect a particular disease or condition when it does indeed exist in a patient (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). The CQ is a weighted average of all subtest scores. Participants did not demonstrate significant differences in CAB scores across the two evaluations. recalling a series of digits such as a phone number) and complex cognitive tasks (e.g. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. This approach is useful in situations when a new or untested tool is potentially more efficient, easier to administer, more practical, or safer than another more established method and is being proposed as an alternative instrument. Repetition and Information Content were principal components of Root 3, which accounted for 7% of total variance. The Communicative Effectiveness Index: Psychometric properties of a Danish adaptation. If the phenomenon being measured fluctuates substantially over time, then the test-retest paradigm may significantly underestimate reliability. Adaptable to various administration settings from hospital room to clinic, it provides a baseline level of performance to measure change over time. These are also referred to as function. of WAB Spontaneous Speech, Auditory Comprehension, Repetition, Naming, Reading and Writing subtests (reported by Shewan (1986) as the WAB-LQ) with 140 patients with aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. Maximum score is 10. Maximum score for the alphabet is 12.5; for the numbers is 10. The client must write down the 10 words, with irregular spelling, that the examiner dictates to them. of all subtests was excellent (a=0.905; q=0.974). Spoken word-written word choice matching: The examiner will say a word and the client must point to one of 5 words written on the card, that matches it. Intra-rater: of the WAB and reported adequate to excellent correlations with Main Concept analysis. between WAB AQ and WP (r=0.59) and an adequate negative correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. (1992) Linguistic assessment of Chinese-speaking aphasics: Development of a Cantonese aphasia battery. The client is given 3 minutes to write a story about a picture they are shown. If the phenomenon being measured fluctuates substantially over time, then the test-retest paradigm may significantly underestimate reliability. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) Quotient, with 60% sensitivitySensitivity refers to the probability that a diagnostic technique will detect a particular disease or condition when it does indeed exist in a patient (National Multiple Sclerosis Society). between the CETI and the WAB AphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. of the Cantonese version of the WAB (CAB) in a sample of 16 participants with aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. One study examined construct validityReflects the ability of an instrument to measure an abstract concept, or construct. If the phenomenon being measured fluctuates substantially over time, then the test-retest paradigm may significantly underestimate reliability. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) quotient and cortical quotient (p<0.000). between the two assessments over all test periods (r=0.71), with adequate to excellent correlations at each time point (r= 0.70, 0.67, 0.53, 0.66 and 0.68, respectively). The main concept analysis in Cantonese aphasic oral discourse: External validation and monitoring chronic aphasia. of the WAB by factor analysis. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada). This method of evaluating reliability is appropriate only if the phenomenon that the scale measures is known to be stable over the interval between assessments. Bakheit, A.M.O., Carrington, S., Griffiths, S., & Searle, K. (2005). The examiner must remember to place all pictures and objects within the clients visual field. Clients between the ages of 18 and 89 with acquired neurological disorders due to, No studies have examined floor/ceiling effects of the WAB in clients with, The WAB has been used to detect change in communication or severity of. Maximum score is 80. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) (Global, Brocas, Transcortical motor, Wernickes, Transcortical sensory, Mixed transcortical, Conduction, and Anomic) according to primary aspects of language functioning (Risser & Spreen, 1985). Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. True variation is that variation which actually reflects differences in the construct under study, e.g., the actual severity of neurological impairment. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) (n=25) or global type aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. A correlation can be positive (as one variable increases, the other also increases for example height and weight typically represent a positive correlation) or negative (as one variable increases, the other decreases for example as the cost of gasoline goes higher, the number of miles driven decreases. coefficients. Kostalova, M., Bartkova, E., Sajgalikova, K., Dolenska, A., Dusek, L., & Bednarik, J. (AUC=1.000). There are a wide variety of methods for measuring correlation including: intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and the Spearman rank-order correlation. 20% of cases are a hemorrhage in the brain caused by a rupture or leakage from a blood vessel. Adaptable to various administration settings from hospital room to clinic, it provides a baseline level of performance to measure change over time There was no significant change in WAB scores across the two time points. Shewan and Kertesz (1980) examined discriminant validityMeasures that should not be related are not. In other words, convergent validity is used to evaluate the degree to which two or more measures that theoretically should be related to each other are, in fact, observed to be related to each other. (1980). Example: can the Berg Balance Scale predict falls over the following 6 weeks? WebThe WAB has been used to detect change in communication or severity of aphasia. Tokyo:Igaku-Shoin Ltd. Yiu, E.M.L. as a measure of severity. Example: A depression scale may lack content validity if it only assesses the affective dimension of depression but fails to take into account the behavioral dimension. It is most often the result of stroke or head injury.An individual with aphasia may experience difficulty expressing themselves when speaking, difficulty understanding the speech of others, and difficulty reading and writing. The subtests scores are indicated below: Subtest Possible Score Comments Spontaneous Speech (SS)-Information Content 10 4 Correct response to 4 of 6 basic personal facts in the conversational questions task and naming of 0 Inter-rater reliability determines the extent to which two or more raters obtain the same result when using the same instrument to measure a concept. (The Aphasia Institute, Canada) ScreeningTesting for disease in people without symptoms. of the WAB in a sample of up to 38 patients with aphasiaAphasia is an acquired disorder caused by an injury to the brain and affects a persons ability to communicate. Maximum score is 4. Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. WebScores for commonly administered aphasia tests and discourse measures. was excellent for the WAB-AQ (r=0.968), WAB-CQ (n=9, r=0.895), WAB-LQ subtests (also reported in Shewan, 1986): Spontaneous Speech Information Content (r=0.947) and Fluency (r=0.941), Comprehension (r=0.881), Repetition (r=0.970), Naming (r=0.923), Reading (n=32; r=0.927) and Writing (n=25; r=0.956) and the Construction subtest (n=14, r=974). Sadly, aphasia can mask a persons intelligence and ability to communicate feelings, thoughts and emotions. & Wertz, R.T. (2004). coefficients. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. Shewan and Kertesz (1980) examined test-retest reliabilityA way of estimating the reliability of a scale in which individuals are administered the same scale on two different occasions and then the two scores are assessed for consistency. Bakheit, Carrington, Griffiths and Searle (2005) examined convergent validityA type of validity that is determined by hypothesizing and examining the overlap between two or more tests that presumably measure the same construct. The client must say the word that the examiner spells out orally. WAB-LQ scores changed in a similar fashion for the three severity levels across time. There was an adequate correlationThe extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another. Participants were assessed on two occasions anywhere from 6 months to 6.5 years apart (average 12-23 months between testing). One point is given to each item pointed to correctly. This method of evaluating reliability is appropriate only if the phenomenon that the scale measures is known to be stable over the interval between assessments. 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