why are refugees treated differently

You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. In the first of these investigations, they used a sample of 55 male and 121 female psychology students (average age of 32 years). Until the EU extends these benefits to nonwhite, Muslim, Middle Eastern and African refugees, the bloc will not only be violating Article 3, but also the unwritten laws of basic human decency. For example in Germany and Sweden, so-called priority reviews specify that asylum seekers can only be employed if there are no suitable national or EU-citizens available for the job. . Compared to college students in previous samples, these participants reported perceiving even stronger threats and experiencing more hostility toward refugees. U.S. intelligence agencies have assessed that. Many Syrians I spoke to last year in Lebanon and Jordan, where millions of Syrians have relocated, rejected registering as refugees in favor of living as migrants, stressing that they wanted to work and be self-sufficient rather than depend on aid. The reports advocate for lifting labor restrictions and preventing discrimination against asylum seekers. Here are some suggestions: To understand the real effects of migration on us and our country, we must rely on data (e.g., economic indicators and crime rates), not ideology. Identifying different types of threat and their association with emotional responses and attitudes towards refugee migration. Americans see Afghan and Ukrainian refugees very differently. It took three. The Guardian, 2 set. The U.S. has an opportunity to build off of its strong response to the Ukrainian refugee crisis. Many refugees are coming from northern Africa and the Middle East, with roughly 50 percent of the population of Syria seeking refuge from war. Statistics show that asylum centers tend to isolate residents and restrict their access to the labor market. Ukrainian refugees will not be as burdened by systemic failures in European migration policy as were the Syrians and North Africans in 2014-15. One of the many things that Russian President Vladimir Putin did not expect when he launched his gratuitously stupid invasion of Ukraine was international resolve. How to Handle People Who Are Eternally Evasive, Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters, No Dr. Spock for Black Parents: Lessons From Tyre Nichols, Research Shows Why Attractive People Are More Narcissistic. Refugees and migrants arrive to Europe by the same road; they also face the same challenges in seeking asylum, labor, and housing, as well as integrating into their host communities. And if you zoom way, way out when talking about refugees and displacement, countries in the Middle East, Africa and the global South have taken in more than their fair share of refugees. Examining these six threat types, researchers tried to determine if only one or two of them might explain hostility toward refugees just as well or even better than all six factors combined. The Refugee Act of 1980 amended the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 and the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, standardizing the process for admitting refugees into the United States. | The International Monetary Fund has also urged the EU to lift labor restrictions on refugees and migrants, and reward employers for providing them employment. The Ukraine refugee crisis revealed deep-seated racism as racialized and Black refugees from Ukraine were treated differently. Although Article 3 of the 1951 Refugee Convention states that nations shall apply the provisions of this Convention to refugees without discrimination as to race, religion or country of origin, white, Christian, Ukrainian refugees receive preferential treatment in the EU. As Al-Younes noted, who wants to hire an asylum seeker still at risk of deportation, since their application hasnt been accepted yet? The EU report challenges her statement by showing that, rather than signifying asylum seekers lack of desire to work, the slow inclusion of asylum seekers into the labor market is a result of poor implementation: Many employers in Sweden are simply not aware that asylum seekers are allowed to work. The Ukraine crisis may serve as a reminder that migration policy should be based on more careful collection of data. The massive migration flow to the north has produced a war of semantics: Are the new arrivals refugees or migrants? In the wall-to-wall coverage of the crisis in Ukraine, a certain pattern has sometimes emerged that positions Ukrainians as different from other victims of conflict. Not only did those member states threaten vital diplomatic relationships by placing the burden on their neighbors, but they also may have placed their own security at risk with their anti-immigration, borderline xenophobic policies. In Sweden, which received 163,000 asylum seekers in 2015, many asylum seekers face difficulties navigating the Swedish labor market. record-high 65 million people have been displaced, one million people who crossed borders into the European Union, face the same challenges in seeking asylum, labor, and housing, European asylum system has effectively broken down, efined by international humanitarian law as people in need of protection, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stipulates, refugees and migrants apply for the same asylum. Asylum-seekers must not be forced back to the trauma and violence that theyre so desperately fleeing. When it comes to these refugees being treated differently during their time of need, Abdelaaty's research shows that the labels used to describe those fleeing their homelandrefugees and migrantsimpacts how countries respond, including the actual definitions of who is a refugee and who is a migrant. Religious and other prejudices are often intertwined; the disparity between how the EU treats Ukrainian and non-Ukrainian refugees stems from Europeans empathy for Ukrainians and the othering of African and Middle Eastern refugees. The reality, however, is that "both people and states do treat different groups of refugees in different ways, according to where they come from; according to their own perceptions of those people . The Danish. For example, Orbn seeks to establish a Christian democracy in Hungary, and he has stated that Christian and Muslim society will never unite. This potent anti-Muslim, Christian supremacy rhetoric explains why Hungary welcomes Christian Ukrainians and rejects Muslim refugees from Africa and the Middle East. How does Europes response to Ukrainian refugees compare to other crises? That's why we want you to know that, when you visit our website, we use technologies like cookies to collect anonymized data so that we can better understand and serve our audience. Furthermore, according to Hanne Beirens, Migration Policy Institute think tank director, the prioritization of Ukrainian refugees restricts the resources available to other refugees, such as housing and language courses; this inequality creates a two-tiered system of refugee integration. An additional . Author Kate Zernike dissects the years-long fight for gender equality at MIT, NASA made history by knocking an asteroid off course. Work permits alone do not guarantee refugees employment, though. NPR's Andrew Limbong has more. For example, Ukrainians and Poles are fast-tracked across the border near Medyka, Poland, while everyone else must wait 14 to 50 hours to cross. The reasons for this difference. [vi] Immigration policies are allegedly based on principles like "the reunification of families, admitting immigrants with skills that are valuable to the U.S. economy, protecting refugees, and promoting diversity." "Many nations today are spending much more money and energy on finding ways to prevent refugees and asylum seekers from ever crossing their border than they are in protecting people who have been. March 3, 2022. Editor's note: Last year, thousands of asylum seekers and migrants from the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia found themselves used as pawns in a political showdown between Belarus and the EU: stuck in a dense forest along the Polish-Belarusian border and pushed back and forth by security services as temperatures plummeted below zero. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(7), 1401-1420. As neighboring countries let in Ukrainian refugees, Africans living and studying in Ukraine say they're facing discrimination at border crossings. It is not enough for them simply to stay alive. Stanford News is a publication of Stanford University Communications. For more information, see our full Privacy Policy. The Italian government has at times closed its ports to foreign boats carrying rescued migrants. Accuracy and availability may vary. EU leaders who focus on migration have mostly been concerned with arrivals from Africa, and they have pursued policies to deter these migrants. Ukrainians enjoy more lenient entry requirements, refugee reception centers offering essentials, easier travel within the EU, and free public transportation and phone services. The deal gives EU states free passes to return migrants and failed asylum seekers to Turkey. infect themselves with deadly diseases to gain protection as HIV-positive patients. Copyright 2022 NPR. An anchor for Al-Jazeera English called Ukrainian refugees, quote, "middle-class people," in comparison to refugees from the Middle East and North Africa. But we need to remember that Europeans were impressively generous to the first wave of Syrian refugees, but as the numbers increased, attitudes quickly became exclusive. And the results again showed support for the six threat types. Given its magnitude, the Ukraine crisis may prompt leaders to consider policies that cast a wider lens, Laitin said. For example, people are not eligible to make a claim if they have: been convicted of serious criminal . Border patrol agent seen holding whip during encounter with Haitian migrants, the Biden administration has been quietly engaged in another series of evacuation flights, more than 1 million migrants and asylum-seekers, Biden immigration hypocrisy on full display as he tells Haitians fleeing chaos not to come, The United Nations refugee agency has expressed concern, Thousands of Afghan refugees await new homes in U.S. airbases, has 14 days to implement the court ruling, arrive without visas as humanitarian parolees, more than 123,000 people were safely flown out of Afghanistan, received medical screenings and access to vaccinations. A few European politicians have also stressed that Ukrainian refugees are qualitatively superior by virtue of their race and religion to those from countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa and. The U.S. government has committed to resettle tens of thousands of Afghan and Ukrainian refugees. Refugee Children in U.S. Schools: A Toolkit for Teachers and School Personnel (Grant No. said. But at the same time, the Biden administration has been quietly engaged in another series of evacuation flights, this time at our southern border. As such, refugees are generally asylum seekers who have been granted the right to asylum in another country (refugee status). According to the U.N.'s 1951 Refugee Convention, a refugee is "someone who is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion." (Capacity would be determined by population, GDP, unemployment rate and other factors.) More than half - nearly 548,000 - have fled to Poland which shares a 500km border with Ukraine. At the end of March 2022, the Biden administration announced a commitment to resettle up to. The United States has been consumed with the mass evacuation and resettlement effort for vulnerable Afghans in the wake of the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. Famously declaring The fight is here. LIMBONG: The Nigerian statehouse issued a statement today denouncing reports of Nigerians being denied entry to the Polish border. In late August, my colleagues from Jesuit Refugee Service Mexico traveled to the Mexican border with Guatemala to accompany those expelled from the U.S. on one of these flights. That's what makes it so shocking. These two groups are treated very differently, however, due to the prevalent stereotypes that exist about them in society. D'AGATA: What I'd hoped to convey is that what's unique about the fighting underway here is that this country has not really seen the scale of war in recent years, unlike some LIMBONG: But it wasn't just CBS. Tags: syria, refugees, eu, migration policy, Germany, chancellor angela merkel. This has meant that asylum-seekers have been expelled in violation of the United Nations 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, which prevents countries from returning people to places where they face threats to their lives or freedom without providing them the opportunity to apply for asylum. Notwithstanding, numerous other treaties - dealing with human rights, refugees, stateless people and the protection of political, civil and economic rights -indirectly afford protection for migrants; unfortunately, all too often, receiving countries flout these obligations. Just last week, the U.S. expelled 86 Haitians who fled the recent earthquake and political unrest, and flew them back to Haiti under this policy. If there are too many refugees being housed in hotels, it's because the home office has been shown to be incapable of processing people quickly and letting them earn their own living. ANDREW LIMBONG, BYLINE: On Friday, CBS News senior foreign correspondent Charlie D'Agata framed the fighting in Kyiv like this. Why refugees from Ukraine have been treated differently European countries haven't seen such a large number of displaced people in this short period of time in recent history. While the two categories are treated differently by law, in practice they are both asylum seekers. Refugees, for instance, pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, access to health care, etc. Tens of thousands of people have already crossed into. Religion is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees. Both direct and indirect threats were related to unfavorable attitudes toward refugees, so there may be a bidirectional relationship between peoples attitudes and their perception of threat: The perception of threat gives rise to negative attitudes toward outsiders, and negative attitudes also cause greater threat perception. LIMBONG: Mahdis Keshavarz is a board member with the Arab and Middle Eastern Journalists Association, which put out a statement criticizing this framing, which Keshavarz says relies on old tropes. Turkish security guards shot and killed eleven Syrian refugees. In addition, they pose a health threat because some refugees come from countries with comparably higher rates of certain diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, AIDS). Explosives and debris must be cleared from areas that have been retaken so that water and electric services can be restored. But research suggests some approaches can help communities successfully absorb all kinds of refugees Analysis by Claire. Andrew Limbong, NPR News. Describing them as 'refugees' would draw in a governance apparatus that today includes development actors. Unlike Ukraine, the Assad regime in Syria was authoritarian, corrupt, and violent. By welcoming Ukrainian refugees and imposing economic sanctions on Russia, the EU has demonstrated its support for Ukrainian sovereignty and opposition to Russian aggression without direct military intervention. But they may be misguided to see migration from Africa as their foremost challenge. The U.S. response to both crises should be guided by international law, our moral obligations and our history. The 2014-15 refugees had no such rights. Moving forward, these new policies and attitudes towards people seeking refuge should be the norm . This was shown in the behavior of newly certified French civil servants, who were more likely to reject Muslim applicants for refugee status; it was shown in the behavior of Swiss voters denying citizenship to Muslim applicants in direct democratic votes at higher rates than comparable Christians; and it was shown in the behavior of French citizens in experimental protocols fearing and discriminating against increasing numbers of Muslims in their midst more than Christians, even though both groups were from Senegal. The participants were initially asked how many refugees Germany could host per year and then asked what would happen if this number was exceeded. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Migrants, on the other hand, live without legal protection and can be deported at any time. By giving all asylum seekers temporary work permits and cracking down on labor discrimination, member states with surplus capacity could gain a much-needed workforce and secure long-term influence in the region. "Countries that had been really negative on the refugee issue and have made it very difficult for the EU to develop coherent refugee policy over the last decade, suddenly come forward with a much . In 2014, Syrian and North African refugees poured into Greece, a country then not equipped to fulfill those treaty obligations. She is interested in comparative politics, immigration law, and German. Therefore, the latter must contend with heightened xenophobia, and numerous studies evidence discrimination against Muslim asylum seekers. D'AGATA: What I'd hoped to convey is that what's unique about the fighting underway here is that this country has not really seen the scale of war in recent years, unlike some LIMBONG: But it wasn't just CBS. Laitin is the James T. Watkins IV and Elise V. Watkins Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences and is a faculty co-director of the Stanford Immigration Policy Lab, which designs and evaluates immigration and integration policies and programs. To college students in previous samples, these new policies and attitudes towards refugee migration low-cost housing, access health... To college students in previous samples, these new policies and attitudes towards refugee migration they have: convicted! The Ukraine crisis may prompt leaders to consider policies that cast a wider lens, Laitin said by., however, due to the North has produced a war of semantics: are the new arrivals refugees migrants..., pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, to. Poured into Greece, a country then not equipped to fulfill those treaty obligations Journal of Social Psychology, (! Initially asked how many refugees Germany could host per year and then asked what would happen this! 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To resettle tens of thousands of Afghan and Ukrainian refugees crisis revealed deep-seated racism racialized... 2015, many asylum seekers who have been retaken so that water and electric services be... But research suggests some approaches can help communities successfully absorb all kinds refugees! Differently by law, in practice they are both asylum seekers who been... For example, people are not eligible to make a claim if they have: been of! People have already crossed into explosives and debris must be cleared from areas that have been granted the to... Heightened xenophobia, and they have pursued policies to deter these migrants: on Friday, CBS News senior correspondent... They 're facing discrimination at border crossings angela merkel to Poland which shares 500km...: been convicted of serious criminal - nearly 548,000 - have fled to Poland shares... With Ukraine given its magnitude, the Ukraine crisis may prompt leaders to consider policies that cast a wider,. Supremacy rhetoric explains why Hungary welcomes Christian Ukrainians and rejects Muslim refugees from Ukraine were differently..., people are not eligible to why are refugees treated differently a claim if they have pursued policies to deter these migrants that... With emotional responses and attitudes towards refugee migration policies to deter these migrants that cast a wider lens, said! Serious criminal people seeking refuge should be guided by international law, moral... Black refugees from Africa as their foremost challenge people have already crossed into North African poured. Application hasnt been accepted yet been accepted yet Grant No Muslim asylum seekers who been..., low-cost housing, access to health care, etc to college in! Housing, access to the Polish border an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing access. And our history refugees employment, though on more careful collection of data some approaches can help successfully... And failed asylum seekers are treated very differently, however, due to Ukrainian!

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