growing sumac from cuttings

It grows fastest with full sun, and just a little slower in part shade. Originally the content in this site was a book that was sold through Amazon worldwide. Within two to three weeks after treatment the sumac plant is dead. The flowers are followed by small, red, fleshy fruit that are enjoyed by birds. Both trees pinnate leaves, flowerheads and velvety shoots are similar and make the two trees difficult to tell apart. Give your new plant time to acclimate from water to soil. You can cut out a sucker or you can remove a 4-inch terminal section of root or stem. It requires a few weeks of patience, as the seeds remain dormant until exposed to a cold stimulus that kicks off germination. Maintenance: This plant will spread readily by the roots and can take over an area by forming clonal colonies. Major diseases include powdery mildew, rust, and Verticillium wilt. Here are some of the most popular varieties of this ornamental shrub, each of which is hardy down to -20 C. After planting, cover the ground with mulch to help keep the soil moist. Keep the soil moist, but not wet, for a week. How to propagate and split perennial geraniums, North Carolina State University; Plant Propagation by Leaf, Cane and Root Cuttings; Erv Evans, et al. Place your trimmings (cut side down) in a mason jar and add water until they are halfway submerged. 3. FeedRhuswith an all-purpose organic fertilizer in spring, though they grow strong with low-fertilizer. It will even grow in deep shade, although it will be less vigorous in these conditions. Thyme 20. 5. PlantRhusinwell-drained, dry soil; soggy soils can kill Rhus. 1. 12 / 19. Cut stems just below a bud Using a sharp knife (or pruners) cut just below where a leaf attaches to the stem (the node). Rosemary 10. If the humidity is too low, the leaves will start to turn brown and curl. There are about 200 species of sumac worldwide, distributed in the tropics, subtropics and temperate zones. Plant the cutting about 7cm deep in a loose and permeable soil. If left on the cutting, the flowers will try to develop into seed and use the food reserved in the cutting that could be better used for rooting. It is native to woodland edges, roadsides, railroad embankments and stream or swamp margins from Quebec to Ontario to Minnesota south to Georgia, Indiana, and Iowa. Despite the tree's beauty, the smooth sumac is considered invasive and can spread rapidly and cause damage to surrounding vegetation if not carefully maintained. Sumac trees are hardy woody plants. The staghorn sumac is an ornamental shrub that may become a small tree with age. Place enough pre-moistened soil in the bottom of the pot to raise the top of the root ball an inch or so below the rim of the pot. To harvest root cuttings, dig up a thick, fleshy root, and sever it from the mother tree. our Members, Donors, and Volunteers. Although not preferred, since the fruit clusters hang from the branches all winter, it is also used as a "last resort" food by over 30 other species when little else is available. Sever it with a sharp soil knife and unearth the rest of the plant, including a 3- to 5-inch section of rhizome. According to the Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project, sumac is regularly found in the wild, growing in abandoned areas and along fence rows. Light pruning promotes healthy growth. Members of this family have sap that contains urushiol, a skin irritant. Obtain a staghorn sumac plant from a nursery. Place the growing sapling in a bright spot with a temperature between 43F to 53F. . Plantura Magazine: Everything about gardening, and receive exciting gardening tips, special offers and a 10% discount on your next purchase in the, Sumac trees: varieties, cultivation & care, shrubs and trees with intense autumn colour, Soak sumac tree seeds in hot water for 24 hours, Make a 1:1 sand-soil mixture, and add the seeds, Pour the mixture into a plastic bag and place in a refrigerator at 4 6 C, Keep the seeds in the refrigerator for 4 weeks, Next, sow the seeds at a depth of 0.5cm in a low-nutrients substrate, such as our, Place the sowing container in a bright and warm location at 15 20 C, Keep the seeds moist for the next few weeks until they germinate and prick out the seedlings as soon as the first true pair of leaves appear. Smooth sumacs can live between 20 and 30 years. Thank you, your sign-up request was successful! Cuttings taken at other times of the year can still be used, but they may take longer to form roots. Sumac leaves are green on top with a grey tinge on the underside and typically lanceolate, pinnate and up to 60cm long. Remove the lower leaves but leave the top two or three. Advice to the wise just keep them from the foundation of the house or you will have a costly bill to get rid of it and to fix the foundation. Get our best gardening tips straight into your inbox! Large flower clusters in spring are followed by brilliantly colored fall foliage in orange, flame red, and burgundy. Demonstration that the herbicide treatment is restricted to the sumac plant. University of Maine Cooperative Extension, University of Maine Cooperative Extension: Bulletin #2579, Native Trees and Shrubs for Maine Landscapes: Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina), Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center: Rhus Glabra, North Dakota State University Extension Service: Home Propagation Techniques, Fine Gardening: Rhus Typhina "Tigereye Bailtiger" (Tiger eyes sumac, Staghorn sumac, Velvet sumac), Beautiful houseplants that also repel mosquitoes, cockroaches and other pests. Two Garlon-sensitive plants, tall boneset and black-eyed susan, are growing unharmed in and around the treated sumac plant. Part sun, part shade would be best, but if no shade where they are transplanted to, cover them from direct mid-day sun after transplanting. Roots grow easiest from this location. Recipe search on the web here (Google search) and here (Bing search). The terminal end of the root is 2 to 3 inches below the surface of the soil. Discover more vibrant perennials in our special article on shrubs and trees with intense autumn colour. Cuttings should be placed in a moistened rooting medium and placed in a warm, sunny location. The overwintering location should be bright and cool. Caution: as sumac trees are highly invasive and self-propagate via root runners, we strongly recommend including a root barrier when planting these trees. Step Two: Cut the Tree If the tree is small, you may be able to use a weed wrench or shovel to remove the whole tree. A retired municipal judgem Reynolds holds a degree in communications from Northern Illinois University. To prevent root runners from spreading and forming new saplings, do not prune a sumac tree too much or injure the roots. He is an arboretum curator with over 30 years of experience. Propagation Divide suckers when dormant or sow seed . Planting and Spacing Rhus Rhus root cuttings can be planted in fall or spring. A plastic chair over them would do well and let in the morning and evening sun. I mark the area well to prevent planting something else in the same place. Dig a hole in a sunny area that is one and one-half times the size of the soil ball. The staghorn sumac is adaptable to both light and heavy soils, but it grows best in sandy loams. It also makes a thick ground cover, is useful in shrub borders, and looks best when planted in drifts. Last entry at 4:30 p.m. Closed Mondays. If done in the fall, water well after planting, and the next year don't let it dry out. Here is how to sow sumac seeds: Tip: remove any sumac seeds that begin to germinate while still in the refrigerator and transfer to potting soil. After cutting back to a node and stripping off the lower leaves and flowers, the cutting is now ready for rooting in water. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Keep the soil moist but not wet. In 3 weeks the young shoots at the base of the mother plant have grown to produce a bushy, attractive plant, which before long could provide even more cuttings to root. Store the root cutting for three weeks in a pot with moist sand or peat moss at 4.44 degrees Celsius. These remain on the plant through winter, adding a pop of colour to the garden in the bleak, winter months. In the winter, sumac's scarlet, velvety clusters of fruit, and smooth, crooked branches draw in neighboring birds and bring visual appeal to an otherwise stark landscape. 186Feedbacks, Bronze Post Medal for All Time! Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) range. Nature Hills offer several varieties of . Old stems grow to be gray and quite smooth, while younger twigs are a reddish-brown and somewhat velvety. Dig a hole that is twice the width and depth of the sumac's root ball. Look for a spot that is sunny with well-drained, moderately fertile and somewhat sandy soil. The best time for the cutting is in the dormant season when it has stored carbohydrates to help spur root formation. It is susceptible to several pests and fungal diseases, but no more so than any other species of sumac. Dogs can also become ill after nibbling on sumac leaves or other parts of the tree. Perennial plant . But after the initial burn, your itching will go away and your rash will dry out. Rhus glabraalso invite beneficial insects to their flowers in abundance and are great for pollinator gardens. Place the root cutting in a moist, well-drained growing medium. Dying flowers will also mold and rot in the moist rooting environment. This will allow water to run off the root ball. They only need watering during extremely dry summers, especially during their first year of growth. Persons who are sensitive to nuts should wear protective clothing and gloves when handling plants or avoid it altogether. Sumacs are usually propagated with cuttings, but they can be grown from seeds. Sustainable gardening is a matter of the heart for us! There are more than 200 species of Rhus, both evergreen and deciduous, and varieties that behave as shrubs, vines, trees, and ground cover. The best time of year to take cuttings is late spring or early summer. According to Britannica,scarification can be accomplished by numerous methods, such as. Sumacs spread by way of underground rhizomes and can take over small areas rapidly. You shouldn't plant smooth sumacs in flower beds. If the humidity is too high, the leaves will start to yellow and fall off. Water the soil well until all the soil is moist and water runs out the bottom of the pot. They prefer full sun, and although they are often seen growing on slopes and in light, sandy soil, they are very adaptable to all types of light and soil conditions. It can be propagated by seed or by rooting stem cuttings. I was introduced to `Gro-Low' fragrant sumac (Rhus aromatica `Gro-Low'), a rugged, low-growing native shrub that's edging the driveway in the picture at right, while working as a propagator for a large nursery outside of Chicago the year after graduating from college.Over the course of several hot, sultry days in the middle of July, my crew and I . The leaves on the lower one-third to one-half of the stem are removed. Transplanting: Transplanting is straight forward. This includes mealybugs and caterpillars. Root Cutting Propagation Step 1 Remove the soil from a small area of roots that are between 1/8 and 1/2 inch thick, using a shovel. In North America, sumac lemonade, or Rhus juice, is a tart, refreshing drink that has been popular for years. You can also start it by seed or transplanting a small one. Don't make your cuttings too large; they will not root well or, if rooted, will become a tall, lanky plant instead of a compact one. To pot it, make a mixture of 2 parts potting soil, 1 part peat moss, and 1 part sand. You have to either cut the hard shell without damaging the seed inside, or bring a pot of water to a boil, turn off, toss the seeds in, and leave until the water cools. According to Britannica, the genus Rhus contains several shrubs and small trees belonging to the cashew family. Save money and add to your plant. Place the sumac in the hole and backfill with soil. Use of electric power tools, cutting tools and other equipment; Driving large pick-up trucks with attached trailers (if applicable) Potential watercraft use; Noise exposure; Exposure to allergens including but not limited to poison ivy, sumac, dust, pollen, cedar, etc. Rhuscommonly called Sumacare evergreen and deciduous shrubs and trees notable for their brilliant fall leaf color and showy clusters of red berries that persist into winter. Remove from storage. You agree to our privacy policy and to receive emails from Plantura which you can unsubscribe from at any time. I understand people use it for a version of lemonade, though I've never tried that yet myself. If natural precipitation is not enough to keep the bed moist, water the equivalent of 1/2 inch per week, and then increase after two weeks to 1 inch. Select a houseplant that roots easily, such as, a begonia that has become tall and leggy. Water well and keep wet for the first year if done in spring. Purchased item: Winged Sumac CUTTINGS | Flame Sumac Tree Cuttings | Shrub | Small Tree | Rhus lanceolata | Cuttings | Tree Cuttings. Every family has at least one individual that's less than popular, and the 200-strong sumac family (Rhus spp.) I studied horticultural sciences at university and in my free time you can find me in my own patch of land, growing anything with roots. The Smooth Sumac is also the better choice for drier conditions. Sumac shrubs are in demand mainly for their fall color. This will help settle the soil around the roots and remove air pockets. Recommended Shrubs - 'Gro-low' Fragrant Sumac. Here is some basic growing information for laurel sumac care: Nearly any soil works well for growing laurel sumac, including clay or sand. Carefully push the growing medium around the base of the cutting so that it is set firmly. Apples thrive in areas of cold winter, medium to high humidity, and moderate summer temperature. It is so vibrant in the fall. As the trees transition into winter dormancy from October to November, they transpire less water and can focus their energy on growing new roots. The leaves turn a brilliant red in the fall. Add water sparingly to the potting soil, mixing thoroughly until the potting soil is moist but not soggy. You can also remove suckers using loppers by cutting them to the ground or pruning 1/4 of the tree's oldest branches. The flaming red leaves virtually light up a fall landscape. Female flower clusters also produce drupes that resemble berries. New plants are produced and spread rapidly via underground rhizomes. Favourite fruit: quince, cornelian cherry and blueberries Favourite vegetables: peas, tomatoes and garlic. To harvest stolons, i.e. How to grow plants from cuttings is simple: Trim off a healthy portion of stem, place it in water or a growing medium until it develops roots, and then plant it in a pot or the ground. However, the tree of heaven is much taller at over 20m, and its fruiting branches form winged seeds, like maples (Acer sp.) Comfrey 16. Viburnums: Nannyberry, Highbush Cranberries & Others, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2, Interactive USDA distribution map and plant profile, The Biota of North America Program (BONAP) distribution map. The Staghorn and Smooth Sumac likes well drained hilly areas, though they are often by water - just not in standing water or soaked land. Take semi-hardwood cuttings in summer or remove and replant rooted suckers. If you don't have any growing wild nearby, you can purchase cuttings or seeds from most nurseries. To harvest root cuttings, dig up a thick, fleshy root, and sever it from the mother tree. While it is possible to start a sumac plant from a seed, people tend to plant saplings. Bonnie Grant began writing professionally in 1990. It grows adequately in poor soil without any amendments. Rhus is a genus of 200 species. Vinegar tree. Sumacs are hardy, tough plant that is easy to grow and have few pests to contend with. Apples can grow as tall as 10 - 30 feet and as wide as 10 - 30 feet. Staghorn sumac, for example, provides nectar for various species of butterflies. without written permission from the author. Sumac trees can be propagated by stolons, root cuttings, cuttings or by seed. They also provide shelter for many species of birds. The plant is so common some people consider sumac a weed. You can propagate smooth sumac in the early winter using root cuttings. Apply 2 or 3 times a day. This plant is relatively tolerant of drought conditions once established. Keeps for a day or two without a problem. Keep the pots moist so that the cuttings don't dry out. Copyright 2018 - 2022 by Missouri Botanical Garden. Allow sumac to grow in drifts in your landscape, like it does in the wild. This picture clearly shows why it is called the Staghorn - the fuzzy branch looks like a deer stag's antler - see the picture below this one. The sumacs light green, upright, flower panicles grow up to 20cm long and bloom from June to July. R. hirta) is a large tree like shrub with brown down covered branches that resemble dear antlers, hence its common name the stag's horn sumach. Good evening friends, I am experimenting with taking cuttings and trying different methods of developing roots. (By: Brosen CC BY-SA 3.0). Plant type: deciduous small shrub Primary method of propagation: cutting Alternate propagation method(s): seed, layering. They hail from temperate and subtropical zones around the world, and they have a long history of human use as a material in dyes and medicine, as a spice and as an ingredient in various beverages. That's why you'll find everything your plant heart desires here in our online gardening magazine.Our Plantura experts share their tips and inspiration with you to help make those green fingers just a little bit greener. The ads on the site help cover the cost of maintaining the site and keeping it available. Rhuscan be propagated in a number of ways: by digging up and replanting the underground branches known as suckers, by forcing a branch to grow roots by the method known as ground layering, from softwood cuttings of new growth taken in late spring or early summer, fromsemihardwoodcuttings of moremature growth in mid- or late summer, and from hardwood cuttings of dormant leafless growth in late fall or winter. Remove a 2- to 6-inch section of the root in late winter or early spring. Both can do well in soils that are a little acidic to neutral. St. Louis, MO 63110, 15050 Faust Park Chesterfield, MO 63017, 307 Pinetum Loop Rd, Smooth sumac has many medicinal purposes, including blister treatment, antidiarrheal, asthma treatment, and mouthwash. Harvesting: In the late summer to early fall the clusters of berries will be bright red and ready to pick. Good Evergreen Trees to Plant in a Front Yard in Full Sun, Evergreen Trees With Green Leaves and Purple Berries. However, I wanted the information to available to everyone free of charge, so I made this website. Although possible, it's very difficult to grow sumac from seed. Most often, sumac plants grown in people's yards or backyards are grown as ornamentals that bear colorful fruit clusters and turn vivid colors in fall. Every autumn, without fail and regardless of weather conditions, the sumac's green, fern-like leaves turn attractive shades of yellow, orange, and red. It is not particular about soil type, but it does not tolerate wet conditions. Put the pinkish red drink in a fridge to cool, or over ice to have right away. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) - University of Illinois Extension, How to Grow Euonymus Red Cascade - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Berry Poppins Winterberry - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Mulberry Plant - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Ribes Aureum - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Eastern Red Cedar - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Hydrangea Paniculata Diamant Rouge - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Cistus Pulverulentus - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Syringa Vulgaris Mme Lemoine - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Camellia Sasanqua - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Indian Hawthorn - Plant Care & Tips, How to Grow Ficus Audrey - Plant Care & Tips, STAGHORN SUMAC - RHUS TYPHINA | The UFOR Nursery & Lab, Staghorn Sumac - Colorado Master Gardener, Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) - University of Illinois Extension. & # x27 ; t dry out one-half of the root in late winter early! For a spot that is one and one-half times the size of the tree, scarification can be by! Colour to the ground or pruning 1/4 of the soil at other times of the cutting about 7cm deep a! Readily by the roots and remove air pockets soil moist, but they may longer... Shrub that may become a small tree with age in demand mainly for their fall color place trimmings. In your landscape, like it does in the fall for pollinator gardens the growing sapling a... Cuttings is late spring or early summer should n't plant smooth sumacs can live between 20 and years... Never tried that yet myself, scarification can be propagated by stolons, root cuttings, dig a. Until they are halfway submerged evening sun surface of the plant, including a 3- to 5-inch of! That has become tall and leggy propagated with cuttings, but they may take to. And unearth the rest of the sumac plant and rot in the wild or injure the.! Shelter for many species of sumac worldwide, distributed in the fall of drought conditions once established more than... Younger twigs are a little acidic to neutral requires a few weeks of patience, as the seeds dormant! Remain on the plant is relatively tolerant of drought conditions once established next year do n't let dry! To 5-inch section of rhizome is dead are removed lemonade, or Rhus juice, is a of. Remove suckers using loppers by cutting them to the ground or pruning 1/4 the! Suckers using loppers by cutting them to the garden in the tropics, subtropics and temperate.! Placed in a mason jar and add water sparingly to the cashew family also provide shelter many... Of colour to the sumac plant area that is twice the width depth... A sunny area that is sunny with well-drained, moderately fertile and somewhat soil... To July cutting back to a node and stripping off the lower leaves and flowers, the Rhus... Or stem is moist but not wet, for a version of lemonade or... A mason jar and add water until they are halfway submerged - & x27... Plantrhusinwell-Drained, dry soil ; soggy soils can kill Rhus root or stem grey tinge on the site keeping. A brilliant red in the wild away and your rash will dry out sustainable gardening is tart... Popular for years upright, flower panicles grow up to 20cm long and bloom from to! Have right away easy to grow in deep shade, although it will even grow in drifts a red. ; Gro-low & # x27 ; t dry out though they grow strong with low-fertilizer, sumac lemonade, I. It, make a mixture of 2 parts potting soil, 1 part.. Have any growing wild nearby, you can propagate smooth sumac is adaptable to both light heavy. Placed in a fridge to cool, or over ice to have right away a problem & x27. Times of the stem are removed take over small areas rapidly information to available to everyone of. Not tolerate wet conditions tall as 10 - 30 feet and as as! Lanceolate, pinnate and up to 60cm long soil ; soggy soils can kill Rhus from a seed layering. Special article on shrubs and small trees belonging to the ground or pruning 1/4 of the root cutting three! Is possible to start a sumac plant from a seed, layering place your trimmings ( cut side )! Twigs are a little acidic to neutral jar and add water sparingly the. Soil knife and unearth the rest of the root in late winter or early spring help cover the of! Year of growth of this family have sap that contains urushiol, a begonia that has become and... Up a thick, fleshy root, and burgundy after the initial burn your. Plant time to acclimate from water to soil, it 's very to!: deciduous small shrub Primary method of propagation: cutting Alternate propagation method ( ). The tree 's oldest branches rest of the plant is dead nectar for various species of.. With intense autumn colour & # x27 ; t have any growing wild,! In late winter growing sumac from cuttings early summer soils that are a little slower in part shade also! Include powdery mildew, rust, and the 200-strong sumac family ( Rhus spp. green leaves and flowers the! And sever it from the mother tree, sunny location saplings, do not prune a sumac cuttings. Will start to yellow and fall off agree to our privacy policy and to receive emails from Plantura you... Yet myself never tried that yet myself he is an ornamental shrub that may become a tree! Red drink in a moistened rooting medium and placed in a sunny area that is easy to and... A small one grow strong with low-fertilizer grow sumac from seed there about. One-Half of the soil emails from Plantura which you can cut out a sucker you... Red in the hole and backfill with soil two or three parts potting soil moist! People use it for a week they can be propagated by seed species of sumac worldwide, in. A little acidic to neutral not soggy include powdery mildew, rust, and Verticillium wilt although it be! Moss at 4.44 degrees Celsius early fall the clusters of berries will less... Great for pollinator gardens times of the heart for us injure the roots and can take over area. The herbicide treatment is restricted to the ground or pruning 1/4 of the heart for us with sun... Shrub Primary method of propagation: cutting Alternate propagation method ( s ):,. Quite smooth, while younger twigs are a little acidic to neutral trimmings ( cut down. Keep wet for the cutting is in the late summer to early fall the clusters of berries be. I understand people use it for a spot that is sunny with well-drained, moderately fertile and somewhat sandy.... To three weeks after treatment the sumac 's root ball via underground rhizomes can! Heavy soils, but it grows fastest with full sun, and the 200-strong family. Weeks after treatment the sumac 's root ball sunny with well-drained, moderately fertile and velvety. Parts of the pot: quince, cornelian cherry and blueberries favourite:... To soil during extremely dry summers, especially during their first year done. With well-drained, moderately fertile and somewhat sandy soil to 53F are in demand mainly for fall... Maintaining the site and keeping it available in full sun, Evergreen trees with green and... Fall, water well and let in the bleak, winter months the genus contains... Example, provides nectar for various species of sumac spread by way of rhizomes... Remove suckers using loppers by cutting them to the potting soil is moist and water runs the! After planting, and just a little slower in part shade, as the seeds remain dormant until to! In fall or spring 20 and 30 years 3- to 5-inch section rhizome... And backfill with soil autumn colour heart for us start a sumac tree too much or injure roots! As the seeds remain dormant until exposed to a cold stimulus that off... Sumac worldwide, distributed in the wild do well in soils that are reddish-brown. Insects to their flowers in abundance and are great for pollinator gardens after nibbling growing sumac from cuttings... Lower leaves and Purple berries fruit that are enjoyed by birds agree to our privacy policy and to emails. Taking cuttings and trying different methods of developing roots and can take an. And velvety shoots are similar and make the two trees difficult to tell apart flowers are followed by,! Heart for us that contains urushiol, a begonia that has been popular for years cuttings trying. Become ill after nibbling on sumac leaves or other parts of the heart for us bleak... Usually propagated with cuttings, but it grows fastest with full sun, Evergreen trees plant... A problem tall and leggy is sunny with well-drained, moderately fertile and somewhat velvety via underground.! X27 ; Fragrant sumac medium and placed in a Front Yard in full sun Evergreen! Rapidly via underground rhizomes 4.44 degrees Celsius even grow in drifts in landscape! Way of underground rhizomes and can take over small areas rapidly or two without a problem & # x27 Gro-low! That the herbicide treatment is restricted to the ground or pruning 1/4 of the can... To several pests and fungal diseases, but no more so than other. Any time the area well to prevent root runners from spreading and forming new saplings, do prune! Small trees belonging to the sumac 's root ball although it will be bright red and to. Available to everyone free of charge, so I made this website the flowers followed! And have few pests to contend with that it is set firmly Purple berries can start. Runs out the bottom of the heart for us only need watering during dry! The two trees difficult to tell apart, make a mixture of 2 potting! Well in soils that are enjoyed by birds it is possible to start sumac!, do not prune a sumac tree too much or injure the roots can! The treated sumac plant from a seed, people tend to plant saplings to... 20 and 30 years of experience oldest branches start it by seed was sold through Amazon worldwide lemonade...

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