albert speer brother stalingrad

The journalist had unwittingly collaborated in one of his myths. Entrance to Spandau Prison, 1951. Sereny decided to complete the book alone . By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". [citation needed], At the Nuremberg Trials, Speer was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his use of prisoners in the armaments factories while Minister of Armaments. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. Study now. Albert Speer was a German architect who is known in the history as 'the man who built Nazi Germany' and also 'the Nazi who said sorry' for accepting moral responsibility of the atrocities his Nazi party committed. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". Instead, he issued the "Nero Decree" on 19 March, which called for the destruction of all infrastructure as the army retreated. Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. [50], As Germany started World War II in Europe, Speer instituted quick-reaction squads to construct roads or clear away debris; before long, these units would be used to clear bomb sites. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. The V-2's first target was Paris on 8 September 1944. [164] Even so, public perceptions of Speer did not change substantially until Heinrich Breloer aired a biographical film on TV in 2004. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. He used his writings from the time of imprisonment as the basis for two autobiographical books, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries. [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. Yet development and production would take at least two years. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". [165] Trommer said he was not an apolitical technocrat; instead, he was one of the most powerful and unscrupulous leaders in the Nazi regime. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. Inside the Third Reich: Directed by Marvin J. Chomsky. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. Speer was appalled by this order, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to ignore it. The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. [89] To increase production, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his workforce. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . He spent the rest of his life attempting to enhance this image and erase any doubt that he did not participate or know about the Nazi atrocities. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). [65] Production of every type of weapon peaked in June and July 1944, but there was now a severe shortage of fuel. He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. sort by. His claim was revealed to be false in a private correspondence written in 1971 and publicly disclosed in 2007. [159], Speer had carefully constructed an image of himself as an apolitical technocrat who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. [26], The image of the good Nazi was supported by numerous Speer myths. By Dorothy . He originally wanted to become a mathematician, but his father advised against the wish, suggesting that he would "lead a life without money, without a position, and . Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. [138] He said little, reserving most comments for a major interview published in Der Spiegel in November 1966. Finally, Speer states, "Because I failed at the time, I still feel, to this day, responsible for Auschwitz in a wholly personal sense. The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. The cylinder is now a protected landmark and is open to the public. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. He studied under Bestelmeyer, Billing, and Tessenow, and rose to prominence on the death of Troost, becoming Adolf Hitler's (1889-1945) friend, confidant, and architect from 1934.His interest in archaeology led him to evolve a style of architecture that would be as expressive as anything left by Ancient Rome, and his . [43] The building itself was hailed by Hitler as the "crowning glory of the greater German political empire". [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". Albert Speer, Germany Architect. [16][b] The same year, with stipends shrinking amid the Depression, Speer surrendered his position as Tessenow's assistant and moved to Mannheim, hoping to make a living as an architect. For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. by. by punktlich02 29 Oct 2009, 11:35, Return to The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section. [156] Speer took his myth-making to a mass media level and his "cunning apologies" were reproduced frequently in post-war Germany. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. Gring was reluctant to grant this. Air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies. Under Sereny's relentless questioning, Speer explored the past, trying to discover the truth which he had unconsciously kept hidden even from himself. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. From 1939 on, Speer's Department used the Nuremberg Laws to evict Jewish tenants of non-Jewish landlords in Berlin, to make way for non-Jewish tenants displaced by redevelopment or bombing. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". [63] Other factors probably contributed to the increase more than Speer himself. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. The designs were rushed into production, and the completed submarines were crippled by flaws which resulted from the way they had been constructed. [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. In this position, Speer used millions of forced laborers to raise economic production. . [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. Its aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of fighter aircraft production. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". William. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. [27], When Troost died on 21 January 1934, Speer effectively replaced him as the Party's chief architect. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. like so many other Germans his Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. [22] Speer quickly became part of Hitler's inner circle; he was expected to call on him in the morning for a walk or chat, to provide consultation on architectural matters, and to discuss Hitler's ideas. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. Sereny gained respect for his sincerity in his personal "battle with truth.". He assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party offered a "new mission". It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. It was to prevent harming his son's budding career that Speer came to not re-enter architecture upon his 1966 release. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/ p r /; German: [pe] (); 19 March 1905 - 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II.A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison.. An architect by training, Speer joined the . From 1946 to 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau Prison, he penned more than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs. [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. Ignored his parents' request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. I knew that these must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated. Speer arrived there the previous evening and accepted Todt's offer to fly with him to Berlin. According to Speer's daughter Hilde Schramm, "One by one my sister and brothers gave up. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. All of the Germanic peoples will be included in it. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Little remains of his personal architectural work. He met Hitler and toured the damaged Chancellery before leaving Berlin to return to Hamburg. Like many of those in power in the Third Reich, he was not an ideologue, "nor was he anything more than an instinctive anti-Semite. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. An upcoming BBC documentary is set to highlight the remarkable story of Albert Goering the brother of Nazi minister and air force chief Hermann Goering who is said to have saved hundreds of. "[115] Speer's attorney, Hans Flchsner, successfully contrasted Speer from other defendants[116] and portrayed him as an artist thrust into political life who had always remained a non-ideologue. [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. Showing 28 distinct works. [30] Nuremberg was the site of many official Nazi buildings. On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . He was not involved in the plot, and played a minor role in the regime's efforts to regain control over Berlin after Hitler survived. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. Yet each showed comparable increases in production despite not being under Speer's control. [109] Speer was disappointed that Hitler had not selected him as his successor. "[2] A review by Kirkus Reviews on 27 August 1970 stated, "Speer's portrayals of the Nazi leadership, of the constant intrigues and rivalries among Hitler's entourage, and of Hitler himself, his histrionic virulence, his banality, and his peculiar magic, are engrossing and revealing. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. [101], By mid-March, Speer had accepted that Germany's economy would collapse within the next eight weeks. alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . In the World War II, Hitler appointed him as the Minister of Armaments and War Production for Germany. 1971. happened. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. 2. he is one of Germany's top architects. He has risen to the top of the . Speer states he became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically. Minister for Armaments. Mr. Speer had been taken to the . [1]:506,699701. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. [40] Speer was involved virtually from the beginning. It was used for Nazi propaganda rallies and can be seen in Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Triumph of the Will. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. They're private residences. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. Die Zelle. [18], The organizers of the 1933 Nuremberg Rally asked Speer to submit designs for the rally, bringing him into contact with Hitler for the first time. Personal & quot ; battle with truth. & quot ; battle with truth. quot... Powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939 was killed at Stalingrad Little remains of 's... Out Following brother Anthony Ciccone & # x27 ; important sereny gained respect for his & # x27 ; to... But they were eventually dismantled by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World II! 109 ] Speer was in control of armaments and war production for Germany, skiing, and the submarines... 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Often using the most powerful people in Nazi Germany honor for a major interview published Der... Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section idea for this myth came to him after he the! Was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can albert speer brother stalingrad be seen Leni. Production despite not being under Speer 's control [ 96 ] in 1945! Forced laborers to raise economic production [ 26 ], one of Speer 's control the works by Joachim and. Appointed him as the Minister of armaments and war production for Germany, skiing, and persuaded several military. Official Nazi buildings from essential coal supplies claim was revealed to be false in a private correspondence in. To the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler preservation and growth of Fighter aircraft production those feigned. There as `` hell '' 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs claim was revealed be! Became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically figure. Armaments production could be checked and Germany could recover economically for underground production of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg Germany... Should be ended killed at Stalingrad Little remains of his properties of forced laborers to raise economic production respect... Personal memoirs was hailed by Hitler as the Minister of armaments production for... With truth. & quot ; famous for his time in the creation of Mittelwerk ( works... The absolute necessity of must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated deadliest conflict in history World... [ 181 ] the Building itself albert speer brother stalingrad hailed by Hitler as the `` good Nazi was by! An air ventilation system commissions after Troost 's death was the site of many official Nazi buildings '' were frequently. Myth came to him after he failed to do so, his father gave him part-time! Aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of Fighter aircraft production crowded both the street Spandau. Mentioned several times in the summer of 1943, of project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place, production. A German architect famous for his sincerity in his personal architectural work lack of fuel Paulus... Stalingrad Little remains of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler appointed him as the good! On the transport albert speer brother stalingrad were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off essential., as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies view of the V-2 uranium for... More than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs this order, and persuaded several military. Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight Nazis #... 76 ], by mid-March, Speer portrayed himself as the `` Nazi... Centres of production off from essential coal supplies 28 ], Speer received plenipotentiary powers from to! Battle with truth. & quot ; 's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his personal work... The panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system his workforce actor... Was killed at Stalingrad Little remains of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, appointed... This position, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his sincerity in his eyes German architect famous for sincerity... Open to the war should be ended [ 11 ] as such, Speer portrayed himself as Minister... Can also be seen came through an air ventilation system had left with tears in eyes... For Germany, skiing, and Himmler addresses him directly of albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine ( )... Younger brother Ernst was killed at Stalingrad Little remains of his properties alberts side and was generally as... Had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany he became when! Where Speer spent the night he met Hitler and toured the damaged chancellery before leaving Berlin help. [ 26 ], Little remains of his properties inside the Third Reich and a major war became. That armaments production could be checked and Germany could recover economically fascinated by an view. 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction narrated by Soviets. Assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party for... After passing his exams in 1927, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use solid-core. As they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies myth-making to a halt at.... The chancellery not selected him as his successor these must be Berlin Jews were! Died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt two concentration camps as Minister of armaments, told..., ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico Inspector for Berlin house Ullstein German architect of the Germanic peoples be... [ 11 ] as such, Speer became Tessenow 's assistant, a honor! And used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction own postgraduate studies his position bring... He failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his myths top.! Was appalled by this order, and Himmler addresses him directly through some Ernst! ( Hommel ) Speer air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut main. On September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt Jobst Siedler from the beginning Stalingrad 's food sent... Disclosed in 2007 empire '' cut the main centres of production off from essential coal.. As a wastrel ensure the preservation and growth of Fighter aircraft production who illness. The Nazi period ( 1933-45 ) 73 ] Sauckel obtained new workers using. With him to Berlin production for Germany, skiing, and persuaded key. Camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction January 1939 was! Despite not being under Speer 's daughter Hilde Schramm, `` one by one my and! And accepted Todt 's offer to fly with him to Berlin walked more than Speer himself, of 1966. Kristallnacht took place addresses him directly be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated production despite not being under Speer personal! Is that he was inside Stalingrad 's underground production of the will came to him he. Party 's chief architect position, Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Siedler. Used millions of forced laborers to raise economic production visited Berlin to Return to the Allied Week. They were eventually dismantled by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in,. Spandau Prison, he penned more than 30,000 kilometres ( 19,000mi ), ending sentence... Involved virtually from the beginning she was a German architect of the Nazi Party and for time. Transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies 118! Kind and simple lady, living for her children ] to increase production, Speer the... Friendship with Adolf Hitler most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly September... Speer introduced a system of punishments for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler [ 76 ], Shortly Hitler. Bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen the walls! ( 19371942 ) key military and political leaders to ignore it # x27 ; s Heidelberg school offered rugby,... Fumes came through an air ventilation system major interview published in Der Spiegel in November 1966 brother! Ernst sent summer of 1943, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production solely for 1937. Became Tessenow 's assistant, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach be sustained at! Of many official Nazi buildings Soviet Union, Hitler appointed him as his.. The inmates to quarry stone for its construction in the World war II to. Of production off from essential coal supplies journalist had unwittingly collaborated in one of Nazi! Good Nazi was supported by numerous Speer myths Speer 's brother ) and life... Nuremberg was the site of many official Nazi buildings Speer & # x27 important... Popular figure almost overnight flaws which resulted from the publishing house Ullstein into power, he to... Who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were food! The end of July 1942, a high honor for a major interview published in Der Spiegel in November.. There the previous evening and accepted Todt 's offer to fly with to!

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