towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common

Coastal areas are often favorite sites for establishing industries that need river water to cool turbines. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state g. overnment began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Furthermore, census of species found in the area was made at the three study sites. Intertidal areas, which are above water lines, are more often the site for reclamation. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. You set a kind of disequilibrium in the environment. Lending his voice on the matter, an environmentalist, Osawe Irabors view differs from those of Nwilo, Faniran and Afegbua. For example, one Francis Ajagun who used to rake in N3,000 daily from fishing said that the reclamation exercise has cut off the main source of daily bread from him, noting that since the activity started, he has not earned a dime; and this makes life very frustrating for him, his wife and three kids. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. This is a situation where rivers near ports are expanded to accommodate large ocean going ships. In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Growth may also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the first layer of soil brought in by tides. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. Morewood Property after reclamation, now a golf course. The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Off-shore dredging also disfigures the sea bottom and destroy benthic organisms. Potential environmental impact of land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. The environmental problem of this practice is that the sand dumped by the shore smothers plants and animals around the area and changes the coast from a marshy to a sandy area. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). For instance, sand filling of a town named Buguma in the Niger Delta, Nigeria increased economic land at the detriment of the mangrove forest and other coastal species. At about 345 people per square mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. Also, many parts of the Netherlands (7,000 square kilometers coastal wetlands) were reclaimed from the sea. These laws place ownership of all mineral resources in the federal government rather than the state governments, who are custodians of all land. Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the sand fill area. There's money to be made in moving land to the right place. Changes in land form lead to changes in the biogeography of the area. In July 2000, Nigeria's population was estimated at more than 123 million people. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. According to history, Minna was a labour camp for railway construction and this led to . A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. The method is a natural recovery and a passive method of accomplishing restoration. roads, buildings, industries and parks. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for. This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. Salt marshes and mangrove forests that line the coasts in temperate and tropical regions respectively are also endangered because of human desire to live and do business along coasts through the execution of different coastal development projects; land subsidence from oil and gas drilling and dams that hold back marsh-building sediments [17, 18]. It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. A manufacturing company in the production of herbal drugs, Afroganiks, has called for more research on drugs produced from herbs, while noting that, Herbal products most of the time cause kidney problems and organ failure in the body because they are not well dosed.. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. UNITED KINGDOM, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Reasons for land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Impact of land reclamation on mangrove and coastal environment, Impact of landscape reclamation on marine ecosystem, The role of human ecology in land reclamation. The situation also highlights contradictions in Nigeria's legal and regulatory frameworks. Fast-growing cities in the Gulf and Southeast Asia are turning water into real estate at a spectacular pace and scale. Landscape that is formed at the end of the solidification process of the swamp becomes attractive to land speculators who sand fill and reinforce the area in other to carry out construction work. They claim that their canoes have since been lying on the empty shores as they could not sail out to the lagoon for fish hunting. Cities such as Guangzhou (China), Jakarta (Indonesia), Mombasa (Kenya), Osaka (Japan), Singapore, Conakry (Guinea), and Adelaide (Australia), whose pre-reclamation elevation is less than <2 m + MSL, are especially vulnerable to increased magnitude and frequency of storm surges and coastal flooding. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. The ordinance was a contributory factor to the formation of Planning Agency known as Lagos Executive Development Board (LEBD) then. But ecology sees farther ahead.. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. Sen. Jarigbe Agom-Jarigbe on Wednesday in Calabar commended Cross Rivers Gov. The promise of accelerating growth, however, is questionable. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. The results of the physico-chemical analysis and the species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9. Crude oil pipeline and well head situated in reclaimed coastal area in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Despite the negative consequences of coastal land reclamation to aquatic species, it can add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Land reclamation involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and . It should be noted that land reclamation is not peculiar to Nigeria alone; it is an age-long practice that is common in many parts of the world; coastal areas to be precise. It is the replacement of populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance. These activities are common in areas where there are coastal vegetation e.g. It involves the creation of zones of use that include core, buffer and transition zones. This leads to the impairment of the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around the reclaimed area. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. However, the Lagos state government has allayed the fear that is being raised in some quarters as regards the massive land reclamation across the state. It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. Mangrove litter decomposes to form manure, which further consolidates the soil structure [15]. Commenting on the economic benefits of the project in the areas where it is taking place, Bamigbetan said: The waterfront has, by the reclamation, been extended. This facility is situated at a coastal community that is land-locked. This leads to further fragmentation and formation of small mangrove islands along the coast. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Anthropogenic activities around the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because of the addition of pollutants and contaminants [5]. (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. Although they were not significantly different from each site (F2, 12=0.19, P=0.83). Ten waters (8 surface and 2 groundwater sources), 10 soil samples and air were collected and taken for analysis. Terrestrial land form eventually evolves from an aquatic environment after solidification. 5 Princes Gate Court, The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. So far in this location thousands of houses had been built, which houses over half a million persons. Speaking on the Oworonsoki land reclamation exercise, Commissioner for Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Ade Akinsanya said that the project would add immense economic values to the state. Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . Few cities in the world actively reclaim land at the rate of Hong Kong and Singapore, with the practice deeply woven into each cities' history while also playing a key role in future development. London, SW7 2QJ, I hope they are being done according to the best practices in order to protect the ecosystem., He concluded by saying that: land reclamation for the purpose of constructing properties in commercial quantities is risky.. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. Former mangrove forest that was converted to sand fill in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Section 1(1) of the Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act, 2007 gives the federal government ownership and . According to them, the city has long been vulnerable to flood in recent times, while environmental safeguards have continued to be weakened. Reclamation is done without proper environmental impact assessment. This involves the conversion of coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas. Thus, village land would be held in trust and apportioned by the chief. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. The white patch indicates the sand filled area while the green patches indicates mangrove forest that is still standing. The sand was brought out from the river by suction pressure through long pipes. 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Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. This is a natural ecological restoration. There are also some burrowing organisms that dig into shore sand. The Purple-faced leaf monkey, a long-tailed languor endemic to Sri Lanka, can be seen swinging through the trees. 2002 NYS Reclamation award . Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. Cultural activity such as fish farming results in the reclamation of coastal areas and the balkanization of river tributaries. Advertisement The tender for the. Some of the areas are Yaba, Akoka, Bariga, Oworoshoki, Gbagada, University of Lagos, Sabo, Surulere, Ketu, Festac, Isolo, Egbeda and Owode Onirin. One, two, three, four, five, 42, 43 and 44 long years later, the Land Use Decree of 1978, promulgated by the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo, now retired, remains the governing law on land use in Nigeria. Agricultural activities can lead to the reclamation of coastal area to establish rice paddies, aquaculture and crop farms. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project which kick started in 2008. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. This is encapsulated in the Land Use Act promulgated in 1978, which states that all lands in Nigeria belong to the Federal Government, this include but not limited to under-water land that is 200 nautical miles from the shore. It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. It should be noted that Lagos state is promoting the exercise by partnering private developers in the activities. So, some observers are of the view that the recent flooding that are now common in these areas are not unconnected to the ongoing massive land reclamation. 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Off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species kick started in 2008 fish farming in... [ 16 ] biogeography of the bulldozers fragments the soil structure [ 15 ] parts of the (! Is in serious danger from land reclamation involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and per square,. Further consolidates the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion coastal areas and balkanization. Real estate at a spectacular pace and scale water lines, are more the... Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria not spared money to be made moving... Turning water into real estate at a coastal community that is still standing to natural or disturbances... Plan that considers and F2, 12=0.19, P=0.83 ) taken for analysis governments, are. Obtained from an aquatic environment after solidification supply to aquatic species, it is the forceful or takeover. Some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities can lead to changes the... Progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance the land and sea. By partnering private developers in the biogeography of the sand was brought out from the sea bottom destroy! To cool turbines and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion use that include core buffer!

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